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    In situ determination of U–Pb ages and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic constraints on the petrogenesis of the Phalaborwa carbonatite Complex, South Africa [查看] Fu-YuanWu、Yue-HengYang、Qiu-LiLi、RogerH.Mitchell、J.BarryDawson、GüntherBrandl、MasakiYuhara
    The Phalaborwa carbonatite Complex, situated in the northeastern part of South Africa, is characterized by copper and zirconium mineralization, and is composed principally of pyroxenites, phoscorite and carbonatite(banded and transgressive). The complex is transected by mafic dykes, and is geographically associated with a satellite syenite and minor granite intrusions. Zircon and baddeleyite U–Pb isotopic age determinations using CAMECA 1280 secondary ion mass spectrometry have shown that the outer pegmatitic pyroxenite at the Loolekop pipe was emplaced at 2060±4 Ma, and the main phoscorite at 2062±2 Ma. Both ages are identical to those of 2060±2 and 2060±1 Ma for the banded and transgressive carbonatites, respectively. The satellite syenite, which forms plug-like bodies outside of the border of the main complex, and the later mafic dyke have “similar” emplacement ages of 2068±17 and 2062±53 Ma, indicating that these intrusions were apparently near-synchronously emplaced. In contrast to other carbonatites, the Phalaborwa Complex is characterized by high initial Sr and low initial Nd and Hf isotopic compositions. In situ isotopic analyses of apatite,calcite, zircon and baddeleyite indicate that the primary magma was derived from an enriched mantle.As the complex was emplaced slightly earlier at ~2060 Ma than the nearby mafic phase of the Bushveld Complex (~2055 Ma), it is proposed that the Phalaborwa carbonatite magmatism was triggered by the same mantle plume activity, which partially melted the overlying lithospheric mantle. This contribution also highlights that isotopic studies used to constrain the genesis of ancient igneous complexes should concentrate on minerals with low parent/daughter elemental ratios, such as apatite and calcite for Sr isotopes, and zircon and baddeleyite for Hf isotopes.
    Precisely dating Paleozoic kimberlites in the North China Craton and Hf isotopic constraints on the evolution of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle [查看] Qiu-LiLi、Fu-YuanWu、Xian-HuaLi、Zhi-LiQiu、YuLiu、Yue-HengYang、Guo-QiangTang
    Kimberlite, a deep-sourced ultramafic potassic rock, carries not only diamond, but also invaluable mantle xenoliths and/or xenocrysts,which are important for tracking the evolution of subcontinental lithosphericmantle(SCLM). However, it is challenging to accurately determine the emplacement age of kimberlite and its compositions of primary magma because of modifications by crustal and/or mantle contamination and postemplacement alteration. This paper reports emplacement ages of diamondiferous kimberlites in Mengyin and Fuxian of the North China Craton (NCC) using three different dating methods. For Mengyin kimberlite, singlegrain phlogopite Rb–Sr dating yields an isochron age of 485±4 Ma, U–Th–Pb analyses on perovskite give a 238U–206Pb age of 480.6±2.9 Ma and a 232Th–208Pb age of 478.9±3.9 Ma, and baddeleyite yields a 207Pb–206Pb age of 480.4±3.9 Ma. For Fuxian kimberlite, baddeleyite gives a 207Pb–206Pb age of 479.6±3.9 Ma, indicating that the Paleozoic kimberlites in the NCC were emplaced at ~480Ma. Numerous lines of evidence indicate that the studied baddeleyites are xenocrysts fromthe SCLM, and can be used to constrain Hf isotope compositions (εHf(t)~−6) of the SCLM when kimberlite erupted. Combined with data from Mesozoic–Cenozoic mantle-derived rocks and xenoliths, the Hf isotope evolution trend of the SCLM beneath NCC before craton destruction was tentatively constructed, which suggested that the Archean SLCM was enriched by metasomatism at ~1.3 Ga.Further Hf isotope investigations on additional SCLM-derived materials could be used to compare with the constructed Hf isotope evolution trend before craton destruction to determine when lithospheric thinning occurred.
    Geochemical and Hf–Nd isotope data of Nanhua rift sedimentary and volcaniclastic rocks indicate a Neoproterozoic continental flood basalt provenance [查看] Xuan-CeWang、Zheng-XiangLi、Xian-HuaLi、Qiu-LiLi、Qi-RuiZhang
    Geochemical and Hf–Nd isotope studies of Neoproterozoic sedimentary and volcaniclastic rocks in the Nanhua Rift Basin, South China, demonstrate that their source provenances contained large proportions of mafic rocks and various amounts of granites. A significant proportion of the studied Neoproterozoic rift sedimentary and volcaniclastic rocks have initial εNd(t) values higher than those of Neoproterozoic granites, but fall within the range of ca. 825–750 Ma basaltic rocks. Their initial εNd(t) values correlate with ratios of La/Sc, La/Cr, La/V, La/Co and La/Ni. The Nd isotope and trace element data, in combination with existing in-situ U–Pb and hafnium–oxygen isotope data fromthe detrital zircon grains indicate a dominant ca. 825–800 Mamafic provenance. Furthermore,the studied samples formed a linear array and plot within the field defined by the remanent of ca. 825–810 Ma continental flood basalts in the Hf–Nd isotopic space. Thus, the inferred large proportions of mafic rocks in the source provenance of the Neoproterozoic rift sedimentary and volcaniclastic rocks likely signify an eroded continental flood basalt province, similar to that reported for the Neoproterozoic sedimentary rocks in Australia. This work thus provides further evidence for the possible once existence of a common large igneous province between South China and eastern Australia as adjacent parts of the supercontinent Rodinia.
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